Prism - Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kugawanitsa Kapena Kumwaza Miyendo Yowala.
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Prism ndi polyhedron yopangidwa ndi zinthu zowonekera (monga galasi, kristalo, etc.).Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zowunikira.Ma prism amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu ingapo malinga ndi katundu wawo komanso ntchito zawo.Mwachitsanzo, mu zida za spectroscopic, "dispersion prism" yomwe imawola kuwala kophatikizana kukhala mawonekedwe owoneka bwino imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati prism yofanana;mu zida monga ma periscopes ndi ma binocular telescopes, kusintha kolowera kuwala kuti asinthe momwe amawonera kumatchedwa "full prism"."Ma prism owonetsa" nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma prisms a mbali yakumanja.
Mbali ya prism: ndege yomwe kuwala kumalowera ndikutuluka kumatchedwa mbali.
Gawo lalikulu la prism: ndege yozungulira kumbali imatchedwa gawo lalikulu.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a gawo lalikulu, imatha kugawidwa kukhala ma prisms a triangular, ma prisms akumanja, ndi pentagonal prisms.Gawo lalikulu la prism ndi makona atatu.Prism ili ndi malo awiri owonetsera, ngodya pakati pawo imatchedwa apex, ndipo ndege yomwe ili moyang'anizana ndi nsonga ndi pansi.
Malinga ndi lamulo la refraction, ray imadutsa mu prism ndipo imapatutsidwa kawiri kupita pansi.Ngodya q pakati pa cheza chotuluka ndi cheza cha zochitika amatchedwa deflection angle.Kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa ndi refractive index n ya sing'anga ya prism ndi ngodya ya zochitika i.Ndikakhazikika, mafunde osiyanasiyana a kuwala amakhala ndi ngodya zosiyanasiyana.Pakuwala kowoneka, mbali yokhotakhota ndiyo yayikulu kwambiri pakuwala kwamtundu wa violet, ndipo yaying'ono kwambiri ndi yofiira.
