Magalasi a Optical-Convex ndi Concave Lens
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Magalasi owoneka bwino - Ma lens omwe makulidwe a gawo lapakati ndi lalikulu poyerekeza ndi ma radii a kupindika kwa mbali zake ziwiri.M'masiku oyambilira, kamera idangokhala ndi mandala owoneka bwino, kotero idatchedwa "magalasi amodzi".Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, magalasi amakono amakhala ndi magalasi angapo a convex ndi concave okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuti apange mandala otembenuka, omwe amatchedwa "compound lens".Ma lens a concave mu mandala apawiri amathandizira kukonza zolakwika zosiyanasiyana.
Mawonekedwe
Galasi ya Optical imakhala yowonekera kwambiri, yoyera, yopanda utoto, mawonekedwe ofanana, komanso mphamvu yabwino yowunikira, chifukwa chake ndiye chinthu chachikulu chopangira ma lens.Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala ndi index refractive, galasi kuwala ali:
● Magalasi a Flint - lead oxide amawonjezedwa ku magalasi kuti awonjezere refractive index .
● Magalasi opangidwa ndi korona powonjezera sodium oxide ndi calcium oxide ku galasi kuti achepetse refractive index yake.
● Lanthanum korona galasi - zopezeka zosiyanasiyana, ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri refractive index ndi otsika kubalalitsidwa mlingo, amene amapereka mikhalidwe pakupanga zazikulu-caliber patsogolo magalasi.
Mfundo zachikhalidwe
Galasi kapena gawo la pulasitiki lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito powunikira kuti lisinthe komwe kuwala likupita kapena kuwongolera kugawa kwa kuwala.
Magalasi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zopangira ma microscope.Zinthu monga magalasi opangira, zopangira maso, ndi ma condensers amapangidwa ndi magalasi amodzi kapena angapo.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe awo, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: magalasi owoneka bwino (magalasi abwino) ndi ma concave lens (magalasi oyipa).
Pamene kuwala kwa kuwala kofanana ndi nsonga yaikulu ya kuwala kumadutsa mu lens yowoneka bwino ndikudutsa pamtunda, mfundoyi imatchedwa "focus", ndipo ndege yomwe imadutsa poyang'ana ndikuyang'ana kumtunda wa kuwala imatchedwa "ndege yolunjika." ".Pali magawo awiri okhazikika, malo okhazikika mu danga la chinthu amatchedwa "object focal point", ndipo ndege yomwe ili pamenepo imatchedwa "object focal plane";Mosiyana ndi izi, malo omwe ali pachithunzichi amatchedwa "image focal point".Ndege yapakatikati imatchedwa "image square focal ndege".
